Peter And The Lost City Essays - Fishers, Saint Peter, Peter Pan

Peter And The Lost City Peter and The Lost City BY ANGEL MENDOZA email me at [emailprotected] pleasee Last year, Peter looked for a lost city. It was in the Amazon jungle. He didn't fly. The plane was too expensive. He took a bus to Spain and a ferry to Africa. He crossed the dessert by camel. He did not find the lost city. He looked at his map and saw a mistake. The Amazon wasn't in Africa. It was in South America. So he decided to take a boat to Brazil. The boat was old, but it did not sink. The weather was bad. It was very windy and Peter was sick for two weeks ,but he was able to arrive to Brazil. Peter's vacation was almost over, but he decided to find the lost city. He took the hovercraft up the Amazon. The hovercraft stopped. ''The river is shallow,'' said the captain. Peter stepped off the hovercraft. The river was deep and he almost drowned. He walked through the jungle for two weeks and crossed rivers. He also climbed mountains, but he was not able to find the lost city. Then he got lost and didn't know were he was. Suddenly, Peter saw some Indians. They were very fierce. But he was not afraid. ''I am not afraid of anything,'' said Peter. ''Where is the Lost City? Peter asked. ''Go straight ahead,''said the Indian. He was very friendly. ''Take the second path on the left. The lost city is on the right.'' Peter traveled through the jungle for three days. He did not find the lost city. He came to the sea and looked at his map. He saw his mistake and took the second path on the left. He had lunch at a hotel and swam in the pool. Then he bought some provisions, and went back into the jungle. He met the friendly Indian again. ''Straight ahead,'' he said,''second path on the left.'' Peter finally found the lost city. It was night, and the moon was shining. The lost city was beautiful in the moonlight. He camped for the nigh and put up his tent. He cooked dinner. ''I'll be famous,'' he thought. ''People will remember Peter Robert's- the man who found the lost city.'' The next morning, he woke up at five thirty. He wanted to explore the lost city and found treasures. Peter came out of his tent . The lost city was full of people and he met a tourist from California, whose name was Sam Thomas. They started to talk about the life in the Amazon River and its people. Sam's opinion about this subject was that the Amazanian's were not friendly, but Peter totally disagreed. Peter claimed that he had had very good experiences with the Indians. He said ''When I was traveling throughout the Amazon, looking for the Lost City, I got lost a couple of times, and the Indians were very friendly and gave me some directions to get there. They told me that if I ever needed their help to count with them all the time. This wasn't enough for Sam's opinion to change. Suddenly Sam grabbed Peter's suitcase and ran away with it. Peter was shocked and became very worry, because he had in the suitcase his medication for diabetes. Time passed, Peter kept walking for hours, but he became very sick. He stopped and laid down under a tree. Peter rubbed his eyes and wondered where he was. After a couple of hours Peter saw the friendly Indian passed by, Peter told the Indian what had happened and agreed to help him right away. The Indian called out his tribe and they decided to take Peter to the house and take care of him, while the other half left looking for Sam. As time passed, Peter was becoming very weak. The Indians came back the next morning, they were very upset, because they didn't find Sam. After one week, one of the Indians came with good news, because he had found Sam. He was 200 miles away from the Lost City and at the beginning , when the Indian tried to talk to him, Sam thought that he was going to be assaulted. However, the Indian was able to explain to him the health problems that Peter suffered. This changed Sam's opinion about the behavior of the Indians, since they were trying to help Peter

Smoking - Human Awareness Essay

Smoking - Human Awareness Essay Smoking has always been a topic on everyone's lips, is it the new age killer or is it just coincidental that most cancer and heart disease victims are smokers? The articles that this essay is based on refer to issues such as "surgery being banned on so called 'fat' people and alcoholics" and "transplants useless as they don't listen to doctors anyway"It seems that doctors and surgeons don't want to or won't operate on patients who haven't helped themselves to begin with. They say that the non-smoker is going to make more use of the lung, while the smoker will just kill it off, and this is what people are battling against today.Even to this day you still get the teenagers who think it is cool to smoke and that it is a fashion accessory to their outfit, but when it comes down to it smoking really is an individual, social and global act that effects us all.A beekeeper smoking a hive.It has major social relevance as it is seen everyday and is in our faces 24 7 to put it lightly. Smoking has come a long way to having the adverts on television banned, the age of smokers risen and even designated areas assigned for smokers and you cant help but ask yourself "Has it really gotten to this stage where it has to affect us Globally aswell?" the answer is yes.Research has shown that you do not have to be a smoker to have 'Smoked'; Passive smoking is also a factor that comes into it. A year or so ago a lady in Australia sued her company due to the fact that she developed cancer of the throat due to smoke inhalations, but the catch was she was not a smoker herself and this disease was the work...

Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Questions - Assignment Example The opening is to permit the channel of urine plus menstrual blood. Although women have to undergo this rite, they remain not socially recognized in the community. They must remain socially, sexually, as well as physically weak than the men. Although the Sudanese recognize the difference in sexes, display of the difference observable through distinctions in their abilities. The women should display fewer abilities than men should. During the time for circumcision, the female organs remain covered whereas for male the organs might be open (Erickson 314). Five Sexes Revisted_Fausto-Sterling There are different theories explaining the sex systems in human beings. Researchers such as Chase and Fausto-Sterling have made a significant contribution in establishing these sexes. A part from the commonly known sexes, that is, male and female, there are three other sexes identified. Herm is one of the extra sexes. It includes people born having both testis and ovaries, Merms including people wi th testes and, some characteristics of female genitals, and finally Ferms having ovaries though some male genital characteristics are evident. Research shows that about four percent of the registered births show intersexual results. Treatment of this abnormality is possible by undergoing surgery, but the scars remain (Erickson 317). What"s the political issue about space in the Nationalist Rhetoric of the Hellenic Republic, and the Republic of Macedonia ? Hellenic foreign policy has a number of issues such as complains in Aegian and the Eastern part of Mediterranean by Turkey, the dispute over what name to give to the earlier known Yugoslav to Republic of Macedonia and their relationship with U.S.A. Greece has continued rejecting the naming of its northern bordering country as â€Å"Republic of Macedonia† or Macedonia. The government of Greek has insisted that the name not worth granted due to lack of qualification. The government insists that its neighbor must continue using the old name until it qualifies. Another point of objection is due to the historic and defensive issues and the vagueness between the three names: â€Å"Republic of Macedonia†, ancient kingdom and finally, Greek region. These three words have differing Greek meanings. The crisis has broadened to the extent of attracting attention of mediators like United Nations. What are the political implications of space for indigenous people ? Although there have been no agreement so far on the name to use, the U.N member countries have agreed to honor the effect of the negotiations in process. A good thing to note from this crisis is the fact that the dispute has not affected the bilateral relations between countries. The countries continue enjoying close trade in all the investment levels. There are many political talks and several academic debates about the issue on the two sides. This gives us hope that there will be an agreement between the mentioned countries. A political science b ased research aimed at giving foundations to the indigenous people indicates their implications due to space. The case study area was Latin America with a wide area of disciplines studied. The space in liberty of expression has opened up the minds of many people. The advantages of social movements are evident. In order to have a broader view on the study areas, and improve on knowledge, a wider selection of cases is necessary for them to be involved in the

Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

Personal statement - Essay Example I have been a part of many activities at my university due to this quality and confidence. I have many hobbies in life- ranging from reading to many kinds of sports. I have set several goals for myself, professionally and personally. One of my goals is to become a very successful professional in life. My academic area of interest has always been accounting and finance therefore I wish to work in the field of accounts and finance. Finance and accounting is considered to be the backbone of every business because of which CEOs acquire degrees in this field more than any other field. I wish to take this course since it is very broad in nature and offers open doors to many fields like public accounting, government jobs, private sector jobs etc. I have always been efficient with numbers and figures which is a good quality for a person in this field. I think that accounting and finance requires a person to have good analytical skills and logic. I have studied accounts and finance before as well, therefore possess basic knowledge about the concepts that are involved in it. This h as allowed me to enhance my analytical skills and directed me to explore more in this field on my own. My grades in mathematics have always been commendable that have helped me to develop logic and reasoning skills. The prevailing times of the global recession demands the knowledge of accounting and finance so that companies can cut their costs to the minimum. Such tasks are possible by strict accounting in the company. Companies are now fully aware of the fact that efficient internal controls should be deployed in the company to take care of their accounting and finances. Due to this fact, I feel I would be able to contribute a lot to my future organization if I have the knowledge of finance and accounting. I find this field of work challenging and exhilarating since

European Construction and Property Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

European Construction and Property - Essay Example The first part of this report attempts to assess the scope and value of the Bulgarian construction market comparing it with the UK. The second part of the report focuses on the scope for service integrators or managers that manage the operational service procurement for their customers in the construction industry, especially in the residential and office building sector. Bulgaria is situated in the South-East Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula, and is one of the oldest European states. To the south it borders with the Republic of Turkey and the Republic of Greece, to the west - with Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Danube River is the natural north border with the Republic of Romania, and to the east Bulgaria borders on the Black Sea. It is characterized by an extremely varied terrain: huge plains and lowlands, high and low mountains, plateaus, caves, basins and gorges. The lowest altitude is 0 metres (at Black Sea), the highest altitude is 2925 metres (the peak of Mussala in the Rila mountain). It has favourable position in terms of location from national and international perspective, and easy accessibility by air, rail and road. Encompassing just 2 % ... Bulgaria is a country of tranquil, ecologically clean, distinctive places of interest, where one can be absorbed by the traditional Bulgarian customs and culture at the same time. Capital Sofia (pop. 1.2 million) is a vibrant city thriving on expansion, architectural buildings and deep respect for multi-cultural diversity. The Black Sea coastal stretch faces east and extends over 378 km, its seawater clean and not tidal and its vast beaches covered with fine golden sand. The majority of Bulgaria beaches have been awarded the EU Blue Flag for their environmental excellence. The conditions for investments in the real estates sphere in Bulgaria have never been better. Bulgaria is a country of unlimited possibilities and it is the time to be first. Bulgaria is the newest hot destination for the real estate market in Europe. CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN BULGARIA - AN OVERVIEW Over 36,000 construction companies are registered in Bulgaria, 2,400 of which can be classified as medium and a few as large-sized. The volume of building and construction activities amounts to 2,500 million Euros per annum and the industry has a 5 % share in Bulgaria's GDP, which is expected to double over the next two years. Estimated annual growth is 15%. The sector employs some 120,000 people. Smaller companies have tended to merge into large joint-stock companies and consortiums, particularly seeking foreign technologies and management expertise. Bulgaria has been receiving large amount of donor aid and PHARE/ ISPA funds for infrastructure projects, the implementation of some of which will continue until 2008. Major road/ railroad, waste disposal, water/waste-water and landslide stabilisation projects are expected to be

Disadvantages To Primary Nursing Environment Nursing Essay

Disadvantages To Primary Nursing Environment Nursing Essay Primary Nursing is a concept that emphasises on patient centred care. This model of care delivery will help Mr Grant to take control of and be responsible for his health. It also provides continuity of care by having only one nurse providing complete care for Mr Grant. Effective coordination between members of the health care team such as physiotherapy, social worker and the primary nurse will help towards achieving a rapid recovery for Mr Grant. The primary nurse is able to see the progression of Mr Grant health compared to other nurses who occasionally care for him. Primary nursing empowers the primary nurse who knows Mr Grant better to decide how to provide care and educate Mr Grant on the steps to recovery. However the nurse may also lack skills to provide holistic care for a patient with complex needs. Tingle (1992) claims that some nurses can find it hard to develop a close relationship with patients. Another major problem associated with practising primary nursing is psycholo gical distress; the nurse may feel isolated particularly when their patient is dying. The nurse also sometimes might push themselves too hard causing them to be overstressed and fatigue increasing the risk of negligence (Melchoir et al.1999, p.89-90). Client Assessment Discuss the importance of performing and documenting a thorough nursing assessment at the commencement of your care of John. (150-200 words) A thorough nursing assessment at the commencement of care enables the nurse to identify actual and potential problems of Mr Grant (Fawcett Rhynas 2012). Nursing assessment provides a baseline so that the nurse can identify changes in Mr Grants condition and alerts the nurse to deviation from normal expected values (Fawcett Rhynas 2012). According to Funnell, Koutoukidis and Lawrence (2009), the information gathered during the nursing assessment will help the nurse to guide a plan of care for Mr Grant and address the patients specific needs. Mr Grant has a slightly high blood pressure, high respiratory rate and shortness of breath which are signs and symptoms of respiratory distress and hypoxia therefore he should be monitored closely to avoid deterioration of his health status (Funnell, Koutoukidis Lawrence 2009). Due to his restless behaviour and confused state, Mr Grant is at risk of a potential fall as he is trying to get out of bed. Moreover, Mr Grant has an indwelling cathete r and a chest tube drainage which could be possibly dislodged when trying to get out of bed. Complex Nursing Care John has an arterial line insitu. Discuss the reasons for insertion, nursing management of the device and potential problems a client may experience. (150-200 words) According to Kaur (2006), an arterial line insitu will monitor Mr Grants blood pressure directly, continuously, and accurately. Mr Grants oxygenation and ventilation can be assessed by measuring arterial blood gas through the arterial line insitu (Perry Potter, 2010). Measurement of the arterial blood gas provides valuable information in assessing and managing Mr Grants respiratory and metabolic disturbances (Perry Potter, 2010). Automatic blood pressure monitoring can cause severe bruising for patient taking anticoagulant, arterial monitoring can be used to monitor Mr Grants blood pressure (Kaur 2006). At the beginning of each shift, the nurse has to check the patients BP, from the opposite arm to avoid interrupting the arterial pressure readings, using a sphygmomanometer for comparison (Kaur 2006). Aseptic technique should be maintained when handling the arterial line. The nurse has to check that all the connections are tight and that the pressure bag is at 300 mm Hg at all times t o keep the system patent (Kaur 2006). Only flushing solution should be injected or infused in the arterial line, if there is an air bubble in the line the air bubble should be withdrawn with a syringe before flushing to prevent air embolism as explained by Perry and Potter (2010) . The insertion site should be monitored for bleeding and signs and symptoms of infection, including erythema, warmth, tenderness, oedema, and purulent discharge (Kaur 2006). Arterial line insitu is invasive, this type of BP monitoring raises Mr Grants risk of a bloodstream infection and haemorrhage, which can occur very quickly if the line becomes disconnected (Kaur 2006). An arterial line also limits the patients mobility. Monitoring the patient closely could avoid potential problems such as haemorrhage from accidental catheter disconnection or loose connections, thrombus formation, air embolism, local obstruction with resultant ischemia, and infection (Kaur 2006). At night, John becomes tired. He is treated with CPAP while he sleeps. Discuss this mode of ventilation. In your answer, you must include the reasons for use on a fatigued patient, how it works at cellular level, and the nursing management of a patient on CPAP ventilation.(150-200 words) Continuous positive airway pressure is a self ventilating form of positive and expiratory pressure (Woodrow P, 2012). The continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) keeps the terminal airways, alveoli, partially inflated, reducing the risk for actelectasis (Perry Potter, 2010). During exhalation, the continuous positive airway pressure machine continues to blow air to keep the airway open and also pushes the exhale air and carbon dioxide out through holes in the mask (Perry Potter, 2010). The application of a continuous flow of gas to the airway creates a positive pressure which makes it easier for Mr Grant to breathe in. The positive pressure maintained at the end of expiration by the positive end expiratory pressure valve prevents alveolar collapse and improves lung compliance (Perry Potter, 2010). The patient does require as much effort is to inflate the alveoli. Hence reduces respiratory effort or work of breathing, and oxygen consumption and helps to reduce work of breathing in respiratory fatigued patients (Marshall Pittard 1998). The nurse needs to continuously assess the patient as there is always the potential for their condition to deteriorate. CPAP has the potential to cause gastric distension by forcing air down the oesophagus which may lead to vomiting and puts the patient at significant risk for aspiration. According to Marshall Pittard (1998) continuous monitoring of the patients respiratory status and arterial blood gases is important for the early detection of worsening respiratory failure. Respiratory assessment should include monitoring the patients rate, depth, quality and pattern of respiration as well as inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation of the chest (Marshall Pittard 1998). Regular assessment of blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral perfusion and urine output will provide the nurse with important information about the adequacy of circulation and assessment of patients haemodynamic status (National Heart Lung and Blood Institute 2011). The nurse should provide full explanation of the circuit and constant reassurance; this can significantly reduce anxiety and improve patient compliance with the therapy. Patient education is fundamental to the success of CPAP (National Heart Lung and Blood Institute 2011) John has an intercostal catheter insitu. What is the purpose of an inter-costal catheter and why is it on underwater seal drainage? Discuss the nursing assessment and management of this device during client treatment. (150-200 words) Mr Grant has sustained severe trauma to the chest in the MCA, which could have caused a collection of air in the pleural space and an accumulation of blood and fluid in the pleural cavity. Intercostal Catheter Insitu is used for chest trauma to remove air and fluid (Perry Potter, 2010). Perry Potter (2010) explains that the underwater seal drainage device acts as a one-way drainage device allowing drainage out of the pleural space, but preventing air from entering or re-entering the pleural space when the patient breathes in. An underwater seal drainage bottle can give some visual clues about the progress of a pneumothorax which indicates decrease of bubbling and swinging in the underwater seal drainage bottle (Briggs 2010). The nurse should monitor the appearance of the drainage and document this at least once a shift. The chest tube drainage appearance and output may need to be documented more frequently than once a shift in cases where the patient has a large amount of drainage or if the nurse suspects that Mr Grant is having an unexpected amount of drainage (Sullivan 2008). Briggs (2010) outlines that all chest tubes should be routinely monitored for the presence of an air leak should be documented in the patient record and reported during hand over. Regular pain assessments are required to maintain adequate analgesic relief from the discomfort and pain caused by chest drains (Crisp Taylor 2009). The chest drain should always he kept blow the level of the patients chest to prevent back flow of fluid in to the pleural space. If the drain needs to be raised above the patients chest, when moving the patient in bed, the tube can be kinked to prevent back flow (Sullivan 2008). Chest dressings should be assessed every day for oozing and signs of inflammation and changed if oozing is present. Inflammation should be monitored and if worsening a swab should be sent for analysis as stated by Sullivan (2008). The drain tubing should never be secured to the patients b edding or clothing, as sudden movements by the patient could cause the drain to become dislodged, allowing air to enter the pleural cavity (Crisp Taylor 2009). It is also important to encourage the patient to mobilise; this can be in the form of deep breathing for bed-bound patients, or short walks and raising arms in the more active patient (Perry Potter, 2010). The movement will help with fluid and air drainage. Evidence based practice When administering S/C heparin, some nurses swab the area with an alcohol swab before injecting and some nurses do not. What Evidence of Best Practice (EBP) can you find that supports or does not support swabbing skin with alcohol preparation before a subcutaneous injection. In your answer, you must include journal references. (150-200 words) According to Cocoman and Murray (2007), swabbing the injection site with a saturated 70% alcohol swab for 30 seconds and allowing to dry for 30 seconds is essential in order to reduce the number of pathogens. However, recent evidence demonstrated that in instances where the skin was not disinfected before injection, no single case of local or systemic infection was observed. Research supports that skin preparation before injection should be administered when giving injections to particular patients as stated by Gittens and Bunnell (2009). These include older patients, those who are ill, or those who are immunocompromised, as it has been shown that certain groups in society are at greater risk of developing infection (Gittens Bunnell 2009). Certain bacteria on the skin have a low potential to cause infection if the immunity of the patient is not impaired or compromised as researched by Gittens Bunnell (2009). In conclusion, my research on evidence based practice on swabbing the skin shows that the use of alcohol swabs is not necessary before a subcutaneous injection. However to ensure the site is not contaminated, it is extremely important to adhere to thorough hand hygiene. If using an alcohol preparation, it is important to wait thirty seconds to reduce the incidence of stinging and inoculation of bacteria at the site. Critical Thinking John has been prescribed six medications. Discuss the reasons he may have been prescribed these medications based on his presenting complaint. Should John be prescribed a sedation for his restless behaviour? Why/why not? (150-200 words) Metoclopramide According to Tiziani (2010, p.208-209), Mr Grant was prescribed metoclopramide control nausea and vomiting. To reduce the side effects of nausea and vomiting as most of the medications that have been prescribed for him will cause this adverse reaction. Metoclopramide will also help with aspiration due to the CPAP. Ceftriaxone Mr Grant is coughing up green sputum which indicates an infection in the lungs. Ceftriaxone is used as a broad spectrum antibiotic to treat respiratory tract infection which Mr Grant might have (Tiziani 2010, p. 100) Paracetamol Mr Grant has sustained two fractures to the right ankle and right clavicle which will cause severe pain. Hence paracetamol has been prescribed for pain relief (Tiziani 2010, p. 11). This medication will also help to reduce the high temperature of Mr Grant. Phenytoin Mr Grant incurred a head injury in the motor vehicle accident. Phenytoin is used after severe head trauma and prevents the spread of seizure activity across the motor cortex (Tiziani, p. 222). Irbersartan Tiziani (2010, p. 265) states that this medication is prescribed for patients with mild to moderate blood pressure. In this scenario, Irbersartan is used to treat Mr Grants high blood pressure of 159/90 and he also had an unstable blood pressure in ICU. Clexane This medication will help to dissolve clots formed as a result of damage to the head, chest and abdomen in the impact of the motor vehicle accident. Since he is having a lot of respiratory problem it could also indicate a possibility of pulmonary embolism and this is why clexane has been prescribed. Yes, John should be prescribed a sedation to help him settle down. CPAP is very invasive and therefore this will help him to have a restless sleep. A sedation will help to decrease his respiratory rate. Reflective Thinking Johns path to recovery will be a process of physical and emotional challenges. Discuss the physical and emotional needs that John may need when being discharged from hospital. (150-200 words) When discharged from hospital, Mr Grant recovery will be challenged by physical and emotional needs. Mr Grant lost his wife in the car accident and he was under the influence of alcohol. This might severely impact his self esteem as he might hold himself responsible for the car accident. Moreover, grief might have a potential impact on Mr Grants physical social, cognitive, emotional behavioural and spiritual aspects of his everyday life. Mr Grant has sustained multiple injuries and this will severely impact on his ability to do run his everyday life. This can cause emotional and psychological distress as he was an active person. The primary nurse has to work in collaboration with the social worker, occupational therapist, physiotherapist and psychiatrist to develop a discharge plan which will address the physical and emotional needs of Mr Grant. Mr Grant was driving under the influence of alcohol when he had the motor vehicle accident, referring Mr Grant to clinicians with specialist s skills in alcohol and follow up monitoring and care coordination will be help towards his recovery. Involve the church community to support him with his spiritual needs and also include the family in the discharge planning. Mission/ Value Statements Healthcare facilities define their mission statement/values/philosophy. This statement underpins their code of practice. Select a statement/mission/philosophy of one Australian hospital and discuss how their code of practice may be reflective of John and his familys personal and social belief system. (150-200 words) As Mr Grant was actively involved in the Local Catholic church and regularly attended mass. I chose St Vincent Private values and care statement as it is a catholic hospital and it will be beneficial for Mr Grant due to his religious faith. St Vincent Private (2012) values are Compassion, Justice, Integrity and excellence. Compassion is a vital aspect of good nursing care. It involves the nurse developing a rapport with Mr Grant and providing holistic care. St Vincent values that, nurses showing compassion plays a major role in providing dignified care to patients. Compassionate care will enable Mr Grant to remain independent and retain his dignity. St Vincent hospital aim to make sure that nurses are available to render care and that Mr Grant is aware that quality care is available to them. Care will be given according to Mr Grants needs. Integrity is about being truthful to the patient and about the care he is receiving. It is also about providing the right care according to Mr Gra nts personal and social belief. Excellence is dedicated to provide outstanding care and customer service to Mr Grant and his family. St Vincent embodies the drive to perfect their competencies and enhance the quality, timeliness, and cost-effectiveness of their care. Being in a catholic hospital Mr Grant will be able to receive pastoral care and attend mass regularly depending on his health condition. Mr Grant lost his wife in the car accident and confession can help him to deal with grief.

Going Against the Grain: “Updike a&p”

Going Against the Grain: â€Å"Unity of Effect† in Updike’s â€Å"A&P† â€Å"A&P† is a short story by John Updike that tells the story of three girls who enter a grocery store and attract quite a bit of attention from: Stokesie, the manager; Lengel, a checkout clerk; and – most of all – Sammy, also a checkout clerk. The story follows the thoughts and actions of Sammy as he observes the three girls who are only dressed in bathing suites. The notable points are Sammy’s interaction with another customer, the interaction with his fellow checkout clerk Stokesie, and ultimately his boss and manager Lengel.The story comes to an unexpected climax after Lengel tells the girls to leave the store because of their indecent clothing and as a result Sammy decides to quit. Throughout this short story, John Updike works towards the reader realizing the negative connotations of rebellion and conformity; this is accomplished through several different na rrative devices including – but not limited to – â€Å"first person narration† and â€Å"the unreliable narrator. The first noticeable narrative device utilized by John Updike is that of â€Å"first person narration† where the voice that is created for Sammy is poetically graphic and intentionally provoking; this is clear when one observes how Sammy’s internal narration switches between sharp wit and common slang. This is also proof that Sammy is capable of clear, intelligent thought even though he is merely nineteen years old. The way he chooses to describe things in his mind is truly remarkable as he refers to one of the girls’ hair as â€Å"oaky† and that the light from outside seems like it is â€Å"skating around† the parking lot.It is interesting, however, how Updike continually refrains Sammy’s language by beginning his sentences with phrases like â€Å"You know† and â€Å"Really† which, in effect, keeps the overall language of Sammy seemingly natural. It would make sense to assume that during the course of the story, Updike is deliberately making Sammy use this â€Å"natural† language mixed with sharp wit in order for the reader to be able to distinguish Sammy’s voice from that of Updike himself.Indeed it would ruin the story if Updike used Sammy’s voice to be a stand-in for Updike, or a spokesman for the â€Å"authorial† point of view. Another narrative device that Updike makes use of during this story is that of an â€Å"unreliable† narrator, which essentially means that Sammy voice, which narrates the entire story, should not be simply accepted as infallible, but rather that Sammy’s narration should be thoroughly analyzed.This concept of the â€Å"unreliable† narrator is made clear when one looks at Sammy’s comment on the female mind and how it is completely unknowable; this needs to be taken not as Updike’s ge neral feeling on the particular topic, but rather an account in the characters voice. The device of â€Å"unreliable† narrator can be made even more clearly in the example where Sammy says that â€Å"once you begin a gesture it’s fatal not to go through with it† (343). This can absolutely not be a statement that Updike intended the reader to think he himself was saying.Updike put these words in the mouth of Sammy because they represent an idea that is highly debatable which is coming from a nineteen year old who just might have reason to regret the actions he completes. Understanding this narrative device in Updike’s story is essential to being able to grasp the true plot of â€Å"A&P,† which is the slow revelation of a young man’s character. The final narrative device that will be described here is that of John Updike’s excellent use of â€Å"symbolism† throughout the entire short story that gives rise to the originality of Sa mmy’s thinking and the town in general.One notable use of â€Å"symbolism† within Updike’s story is that of colors. â€Å"Holding a little gray jar in her hand† (341), â€Å"Stokesie with his usual luck draws an old party in baggy gray pants† (341), â€Å"Lengel sighs and begins to look very patient and old and gray† (343). With the above examples pointing towards Updike’s use of the color gray, it is even more important then to notice that the only things that are described in color are the three girls.It could be interpreted that the fact of everything being gray besides the girls shows how the only things important to Sammy at that moment are the girls. In order for Updike to characterize the town, he decides to use animals. â€Å"The sheep pushing their carts down the aisle – the girls were walking against the usual traffic† (339-340). The symbolism is fairly obvious as sheep are known to simply do what the group doe s and not to change their routine; they don’t think on their own, they just follow each other.This could possibly symbolize how tight knit the community was, or how these three girls were an unwelcomed break in the towns routine. Through these three narrative devices, it is clear to see that in Updike’s telling of Sammy the checkout clerk, the reader is supposed to get a sense of the negative connotations of rebellion and conformity. The reader is forced to critically analyze the decisions and thoughts that Sammy makes as a result of the three girls entering â€Å"A&P†, as well as notice the downfalls of stringent, unwavering conformity.

Able Planet Case

Running head: Case 2 Able Planet Case 2 Able Planet Kelly Raines Devry University SBE 560 ? Contents Abstract3 The difficulties entrepreneurs face when raising between over $100,000 for their businesses4 Ways Kevin Semcken can raise $1. 5 million in capital5 Memo to Kevin Semcken7 References9 ? Abstract This paper will analyze Case Study 2 Able Planet. In this case study, Kevin Semcken, Able Planet’s CEO and chairman is seeking capital to finance existing operations for its current products, build a prototype for a new product and market both products to new and current customers (Scarborough, 2012).Furthermore, Able Planet is unable to secure financing from a bank due to a predicament in the economic markets which has all but closed shut the lending opportunities at most commercial banks. Information that will be evaluated includes the following: †¢Why entrepreneurs face difficulties when trying to raise between $100,000 and $3 million for their businesses †¢Ways Ke vin Semcken can raise $1. 5 million in capital by use of both debt and equity financing †¢What should be done before approaching potential lenders and investors in order to maximize the chance of getting needed capital ?The difficulties entrepreneurs face when raising between over $100,000 for their businesses Capital is the lifeline of any business; it supplies the funds to expand, grow and make a promising business idea into a money-making enterprise. However, many entrepreneurs miscalculate how difficult it is to obtain financing for a business venture and get annoyed by this step of the business startup process. Nevertheless, investors and banks have plenty of reasons to be wary of financing especially it involves several thousands of dollars.Some of the reasons that entrepreneurs have issues when trying to raise large sums of capital include: †¢Most small business fail: According to Channon (2012), â€Å"More than 50 percent of businesses fail within the first five y ears of operation. † This makes its difficult to raise capital due to the uncertainty in getting a return on an investment. †¢Unproven Business Model (Channon, 2012): If the business idea is new, then there is no historical data such as sales to show that the business will last. This means that there is no guarantee that the business will repay the loan or increase the investor’s equity. Lack of Coherent Business Plan (Channon, 2012): This will prevent lenders and investors from financing a business. The business plan will give a financial forecast along with market research and a list of competitors. This will allow investors to see an actual financial result that are expected and help them to decide of this is realistic. ? Ways Kevin Semcken can raise $1. 5 million in capital Whether Kevin Semcken is preparing to launch a new product or is trying to grow Able Planet, one thing is for certain; he will need money.Debt and equity financing are two different financia l strategies that can be used to raise capital: Taking on debt means borrowing money for the business, while gaining equity entails injecting his own or other stakeholders’ cash into the business. Mr. Semcken can use debt financing as a means to raise the needed capital. One way to do this is borrowing from a financial institution. This involves loans that have to be paid over time and with interest. Able Planet can borrow money over the short term (less than one year) or long term (more than one year).The chief sources of debt financing are banks and government agencies, such as the Small Business Administration (Rath, 2012). Debt financing presents businesses a tax advantage, because the interest paid on loans is usually deductible. Borrowing also reduces the company's future requirement for loan repayments, because the lender does not obtain an ownership share in the business. However, debt financing also has its disadvantages. New businesses at times find it hard to make regular loan payments when they have uneven cash flow.Thus, debt financing can cause businesses to be susceptible to economic downturns or hikes in interest rates. Carrying too much debt is a problem because it raises the supposed risk associated with businesses, making them unappealing to investors and thereby lowering their capacity to rise future additional funding (Rath, 2012). The other option Mr. Semcken can use is equity financing. Equity financing refers to money attained from investors in exchange for an ownership share in the business.Such funds may come from friends and family members of the business owner, wealthy angel investors, or venture capital firms (Rath, 2012). The main advantage of equity financing is that the business is not required to repay the money. Instead, the investors expect to recover their investment out of future profits. The participation of high-profile investors may also help raise the credibility of a new business. The main disadvantage to this t ype of financing is that the investors become partial owners of the business, and therefore have a say in business decisions.As ownership interests become blurry, managers face a probable loss of independence or control (Rath, 2012). As well, an undue dependence on equity financing may signify that a business is not using its capital in the most constructive way. ? Memo to Kevin Semcken Memorandum To:Kevin Semcken, CEO and Chairman of Able Planet From:Kelly Raines Date:3/24/2013 Re:Steps to take before Approaching Potential Lenders and Investors Money is the livelihood of any business, and at some point, every company is apt to need an outside source to help it grow.Regardless of the amount that you are seeking, you will need to take a few steps before trying to make your case. Here are some steps to you must do before approaching investors or lenders for any amount of money: †¢Gather together the documents that will help you secure funding from a backer and that indicate you a re a good risk (Clifford, 2012). You will need: oA well written business plan, which will shows the backer not only why you want the capital but what you plan to do ith the money; oCash flow projections, which will show lenders and investors if you are able to repay the loan or offer a return on the investment. This will give backers concrete financial data that they can use to assess this risk; oA statement of your personal financial status, which lists your personal assets and debts to give the backer a fuller financial picture; oPast business tax returns: As this business is established and you have past business tax returns, it is a good idea to take them with you to the meeting.They will give the lender/investor a better idea of how your business is doing financially; and oA credit rating report: Your credit rating report shows loan repayment history and will help backers determine if you are a good risk. Additionally you should: †¢Line up your team (Clifford, 2012): This shows that you and the management team are able to execute the ambitious business plan you have presented and pay back your loan or generate a return for investors.Make sure you and your key people can talk about what may be ahead for the business, what the later phases of growth might be, what can go wrong, and how you might handle those things. †¢Practice your presentation (Clifford, 2012): This will include highlighting key areas of your business plan to potential funding sources. Try to find areas of your plan that show what you consider to be the most advantageous to them, and put these attributes into a 15 minute slide show presentation appropriate mainly to the professionals to whom you are presenting.Also study the business plans completely because you never know what questions will be asked, and you want to have answers pertinent to your business model. †¢Finally, research those to whom you will be presenting, produce samples/prototypes of your main product(s) for them to assess, purchase a nice business suit, and conduct the presentation of a lifetime. By following the above steps securing funding for Able Planet should be easy if you are properly prepared for the meeting. ? References Channon, T. (2012). Why is it So Hard to Raise Capital When Starting a New Business?. Ehow.Retrieved August 10, 2012, from http://www. ehow. com/about_7448696_hard-capital-starting-new-business_. html Clifford, C. (2012, June 15). 9 Things Startups Must Know Before Approaching Lenders. Entrepreneur. Retrieved August 10, 2012, from http://www. entrepreneur. com/blog/223818 Rath, T. (2012). Debt and Equity Financing: Two Options for Financing Your Small Business. About. com. Retrieved August 9, 2012, from http://sbinformation. about. com/od/creditloans/a/debtequity. htm Scarborough, N. (2012). Effective Small Business Management. (10th ed. ). (p. 812). Boston, MA: Prentice Hall.

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